Canosa di Puglia in the context of Bohemund I of Antioch

Apulia and Calabria (Latin: Apulia et Calabria) was a Late Roman province in the ancient southern Italian territories of Apulia and Calabria – both roughly included in the modern Apulia region, with Calabria being the Roman term for Salento (distinct from Bruttium, which corresponds to modern Calabria). Its capital was Canusium (modern Canosa di Puglia).

The Varrese Painter was an Apulian red-figure vase painter. His works are dated to the middle of the 4th century BC.

His conventional name is derived from the Varrese hypogeum (a rock-cut grave complex) at Canosa di Puglia, which contained several vases painted by him. In total, over 200 known vases are attributed to him. Scholars consider him one of the most important representatives of his period. His influence extended beyond his immediate surroundings and beyond his own phase of activity, as far as the immediate predecessors of the Darius Painter. A quarter of the vases attributed to him, including hydriai, nestorids, loutrophoroi and a large oenochoe are of considerable size. The rest if his work is mainly on bell kraters and pelikes. Although he belongs to the tradition of the Ornate Style, his smaller vessels are often stylistically close to the Plain Style.

European route E55 is an E-route. It starts in southern Sweden, crosses the Øresund strait to Denmark, and passes through more water (the western Baltic Sea) to reach continental Europe on Rostock, Germany. Thence it continues further southward on land through Germany and into the Czech Republic, Austria, and Italy. Finally, it passes through the Ionian Sea to serve western Greece.

The route passes through the following cities in order:Helsingborg ... Helsingør – Copenhagen – Køge – Vordingborg – Nykøbing Falster – Gedser ... Rostock – Berlin – Lübbenau – Dresden – Ústí nad Labem – Prague – Tábor – Linz – Salzburg – Villach – Tarvisio – Udine – Palmanova – Venice – Ravenna – Cesena – Rimini – Fano – Ancona – Pescara – Canosa di Puglia – Bari – Brindisi ... Igoumenitsa – Preveza – Rio – Patras – Pyrgos – Kalamata.

The Baltimore Painter was an Apulian vase painter whose works date to the final quarter of the 4th century BC. He is considered the most important Late Apulian vase painter, and the last Apulian painter of importance. His conventional name is derived from a vase kept at the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore.

The Baltimore Painter's early work was strongly influenced by the Patera Painter. He mainly painted large format volute kraters, amphorae, loutrophoroi and hydriai. It is likely that his workshop was at Canosa.