Occasions or circumstances of revelation (in Arabic أسباب النزول asbāb al-nuzūl) names the historical context in which Quranic verses were revealed from the perspective of traditional Islam. Though of some use in reconstructing the Qur'an's historicity, asbāb is by nature an exegetical rather than a historiographical genre, and as such usually associates the verses it explicates with general situations rather than specific events. The study of asbāb al-nuzūl is part of the study of Tafsir (interpretation of the Qur'an).
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👉 Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Meccan surah
A Meccan surah is, according to the timing and contextual background of their revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl) within Islamic tradition, a chronologically earlier chapter (suwar, singular sūrah) of the Qur'an. The traditional chronological order attributed to Ibn Abbas became widely accepted following its adoption by the 1924 Egyptian standard edition. The Meccan chapters are believed to have been revealed anytime before the migration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina (Hijra). The Medinan surahs are those revelations which occurred after the move. There are 86 makkan surahs.
Meccan surahs are typically shorter than Medinan surahs, with relatively short verses (āyāt), and mostly come near the end of the Qur'an. (As a general rule, the chapters of the Qur'an are ordered from longest to shortest.) Most of the chapters containing Muqatta'at are Meccan, Except 2, 3 and 13.
In this Dossier
- ⭐ Core Definition: Asbāb al-nuzūl
- 👉 Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Meccan surah
- Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Ta-Ha
- Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Al-Kawthar
- Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Surah An-Najm
- Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Al-Isra'
- Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of 23rd chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an
- Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Hud (surah)
- Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Yusuf (surah)
Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Ta-Ha
Ṭā Hā (/ˈtɑːˈhɑː/; Arabic: طه) is the 20th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 135 verses (āyāt). It is named "Ṭā Hā" because the chapter starts with the Arabic ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt (disjoined letters) طه (Ṭāhā), which is widely mistaken to be one of the names of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, but is just one of the many unlinked letters at the beginning of many other surahs of the Quran.
Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615-619), which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina.
Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Al-Kawthar
Al-Kawthar (Arabic: الكوثر, lit. 'Abundance') is the 108th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran. It is the shortest chapter, consisting of three ayat or verses:
There are several different opinions as the timing and contextual background of its supposed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl). According to Ibn Isḥaq, it is an earlier Meccan surah, which is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, sometime before the Isra and Mi'raj.
Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Surah An-Najm
An-Najm (Arabic: النجم, an-najm; meaning: The Star) is the 53rd chapter (surah) of the Quran, with 62 verses (āyāt). The surah opens with the oath of the Divine One swearing by every one of the stars, as they descend and disappear beneath the horizon, that Muhammad is indeed God's awaited Messenger. It takes its name from Ayat #1, which mentions "the stars" (najm). The surah confirms the divine source of the Prophet's message and refers to his ascension to heaven during the Night Journey (Ayah#1 ff.). The surah refutes the claims of the disbelievers about the goddesses and the angels (ayah#19 ff.), and lists several truths about God's power. It closes with a warning of the imminent Day of Judgement.
Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina.
Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Al-Isra'
Al-Isra' (Arabic: الإسراء, lit. 'The Night Journey'), also known as Banī Isrāʾīl (Arabic: بني إسرائيل, lit. 'The Children of Israel'), is the 17th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran, with 111 verses (āyāt). The word Isra' refers to the Night Journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and about the Children of Israel. This surāh is part of a series of al-Musabbihat surahs because it begins with the glorification of God.
Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615-619).
Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of 23rd chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an
Al-Muʼminun (Arabic: المؤمنون, al-muʼminūn; meaning: "The Believers") is the 23rd chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 118 verses (āyāt). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the supposed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is a "Meccan surah" during the end period, which means it is believed to have been revealed before the migration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina (Hijra).
This surah deals with the fundamentals of faith (Aqidah), Tawheed (Islamic monotheism), Risalah (Messengership), Resurrection and the supreme Judgement of God. The surah drives these themes home by drawing attention to God's creation of man through different stages in the mother's womb, His creation of the heavens and the earth, His sending down rains and growing plants, trees and fruits, and His providing of domestic animals with various benefits for man, all together with an emphasis on the fact that man shall die and shall be raised up on the Day of Resurrection. (See also: Islamic eschatology)
Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Hud (surah)
Hud (Arabic: هود, Hūd) is the 11th chapter (Surah) of the Quran and has 123 verses (ayat). It relates in part to the prophet Hud. Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina.
Verses 105-112 are preserved in the Ṣan‘ā’1 lower text.
Asbāb al-nuzūl in the context of Yusuf (surah)
Yusuf (Arabic: يوسف, romanized: Yūsuf, lit. 'Joseph') is the 12th chapter (Surah) of the Quran and has 111 Ayahs (verses). It is preceded by sūrah Hud and followed by Ar-Ra’d (the Thunder).
Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it was revealed toward the end of the Meccan period, which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. It is said to have been revealed in a single sitting and is unique in this respect. The text narrates the story of Yusuf (Joseph), son of Jacob, who is a prophet in Islam, and recounts his life and mission.