Ancient Magnesia in the context of "Olizon"

Artemisium or Artemision (Greek: Ἀρτεμίσιον) is a cape in northern Euboea, Greece. The hollow cast bronze statue of Zeus or Poseidon, known as the Artemision Bronze, was found off this cape in a sunken ship, as was the Jockey of Artemision, a bronze statue of a racehorse and its jockey.

The Battle of Artemisium, a series of naval engagements over three days during the second Persian invasion of Greece in 480 BC, simultaneously with the more famous land battle at Thermopylae, took place here. Part of the action of the film 300: Rise of an Empire was loosely based on this battle.

Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide). It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg ions and O ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium hydroxide forms in the presence of water (MgO + H₂O → Mg(OH)₂), but it can be reversed by heating it to remove moisture.

Magnesium oxide was historically known as magnesia alba (literally, the white mineral from Magnesia), to differentiate it from magnesia nigra, a black mineral containing what is now known as manganese.

In Greek mythology, Magnes (Ancient Greek: Μάγνης) was a Thessalian prince who later on became the eponymous first king of Magnesia.

Meliboea or Meliboia (Ancient Greek: Μελίβοια) was a town and polis (city-state) of Magnesia in ancient Thessaly, mentioned by Homer, in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad, as one of the places subject to Philoctetes. It was situated upon the sea coast, and is described by Livy as situated at the roots of Mount Ossa, and by Strabo as lying in the gulf between Mount Ossa and Mount Pelion.

The town was famous for its purple dye. Even down to the 19th century, the shellfish from which the purple dye is obtained were found off the coast of Thessaly.

39°20′52″N 22°54′39″E / 39.34773°N 22.91091°E / 39.34773; 22.91091

Demetrias (Ancient Greek: Δημητριάς) was a Greek city in Magnesia in ancient Thessaly (east central Greece), situated at the head of the Pagasaean Gulf, near the modern city of Volos.

In Greek mythology, Philodice or Philodike (Ancient Greek: Φιλοδίκη) was the name of the following figures:

• Philodice, an Argive naiad, daughter of Inachus, river-king of Argos. She was the wife of Leucippus of Messenia by whom she became the mother of Hilaeira and Phoebe, and possibly Arsinoe. Philodice was considered the sister of Phoroneus, Io and Aegialeus.
• Philodice, also Phylodice (Φυλοδίκη), wife of Magnes, king of Magnesia and mother of his sons, Eurynomus and Eioneus. Otherwise the wife of Magnes was called Meliboea by Eustathius.

Ormenium (Ancient Greek: Ὀρμένιον) was a town of ancient Thessaly, mentioned in the Catalogue of Ships in Homer's Iliad, along with Hypereia and Asterium, as belonging to Eurypylus. In Greek mythology, it was said to have been founded by Ormenus, the grandson of Aeolus, and was the birthplace of Phoenix (a grandson of Ormenus). Strabo identifies this town with a place in Magnesia named Orminium, situated at the foot of Mt. Pelion near the Pagasaean Gulf, at the distance of 27 stadia from Demetrias, on the road passing through Iolcus, which was 7 stadia from Demetrias and 20 from Orminium. William Martin Leake, however, observes that the Ormenium of Homer can hardly have been the same as the Orminium of Strabo, since it appears from the situation of Asterium that Eurypylus ruled over the plains of Thessaliotis, which are watered by the Apidanus and Enipeus. The questioning of Strabo's equation of Ormenium with Orminium is still the norm among current scholars; some believing that, instead, Ormenium should be close to Pharsalus, in a Mycenaean site in modern Ktouri. Some archaeologists have related it to the remains found on the Goritsa hill. Others point to a site otherwise called Armenium at Petra. While others leave the site as unlocated.

Aeson or Aison (Ancient Greek: Αἰσών), also Aesonis or Aisonis (Αἰσώνίς), was a town of Magnesia in ancient Thessaly, the name of which is derived from Aeson, the father of Jason.