Almoravid and Almohad textiles were produced within parts of northwest Africa and Spain between 1058 and 1269 CE under the Almoravid (1050s–1147) and Almohad (1147–1269) caliphates. Production in the Iberian Peninsula was first established under the Umayyad Caliphate, and it became centered in major cities such as Almería, Seville, and Málaga, each of which were home to Tirāz factories which produced silks and other textiles. These textiles were made in a wide range of techniques and styles, and the high quality and richness of the fabric lead to Iberian silks being highly sought after. Due to their valuable nature, Almohad and Almoravid textiles were spread throughout Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East through extensive trade routes.
