Air reserve component in the context of United States Air Force Reserve

The Texas Air National Guard (TX ANG) is the aerial militia of the U.S. state of Texas. It is a reserve of the United States Air Force and part of the Texas National Guard, alongside the Texas Army National Guard. No element of the Texas Air National Guard is under United States Air Force command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Texas through the office of the Texas Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The Texas Air National Guard is headquartered at Camp Mabry, Austin, and its chief of staff is Brigadier General Matthew Barker.

Under the "Total Force" concept, Texas Air National Guard units are considered to be an Air Reserve Component (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF). Texas ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized. In addition, the Texas Air National Guard forces are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.

The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force (USAF), as well as the "air militia" of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It, along with the Army National Guard component of each state, district, commonwealth or territory, makes up the National Guard of each region as applicable. Additionally, the ANG and the United States Air Force Reserve constitute the two air reserve components of the USAF.

When Air National Guard units are used under the jurisdiction of the state governor they are fulfilling their militia role. However, when federalized by order of the president of the United States, ANG units become an active part of the U.S. Air Force. They are jointly administered by the states and the National Guard Bureau, a joint bureau of the Army and Air Force that oversees the U.S. National Guard.

The United States Air Force Reserve (USAFR, AFR, or AFRES) is one of the United States Air Force's (USAF) two air reserve components, alongside the Air National Guard (ANG). The USAFR and ANG constitute the USAF's contribution to the reserve components of the United States Armed Forces. The USAFR represents the federal contribution to the reserve components while the ANG represents the states', certain territories', and the District of Columbia's contribution to the reserve components as the "air militia" of these entities.

The USAFR is overseen by the Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC), a major command (MAJCOM) of the United States Air Force, with its headquarters at Robins Air Force Base, Georgia. AFRC also plays an integral role in the day-to-day Air Force mission and is not strictly a force held in reserve for possible war or contingency operations. AFRC also supports the United States Space Force through the 310th Space Wing, pending the creation of a space reserve component. The "Chief of the Air Force Reserve" is, ex officio, the commanding officer of the AFRC and is typically a lieutenant general (a three-star general officer) and reports directly to the chief of staff of the Air Force.