A7L in the context of "Apollo–Soyuz"

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⭐ Core Definition: A7L

The Apollo/Skylab space suit (sometimes called the Apollo 11 Spacesuit because it was most known for being used in the Apollo 11 Mission) is a class of space suits used in Apollo and Skylab missions. The names for both the Apollo and Skylab space suits were Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU). The Apollo EMUs consisted of a Pressure Suit Assembly (PSA) aka "suit" and a Portable Life Support System (PLSS) that was more commonly called the "backpack". The A7L was the PSA model used on the Apollo 7 through 14 missions.

The subsequent Apollo 15-17 lunar missions, Skylab, and Apollo–Soyuz used A7LB pressure suits. Additionally, these pressure suits varied by program usage. For the Skylab EMU, NASA elected to use an umbilical life support system named the Astronaut Life Support Assembly.

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A7L in the context of Portable life support system

A primary (or portable or personal) life support system (or subsystem) (PLSS), is a device connected to an astronaut or cosmonaut's spacesuit, which allows extra-vehicular activity (EVA) with maximum freedom, independent of a spacecraft's life support system. A PLSS is generally worn like a backpack. The functions performed by the PLSS include:

  • Regulating suit pressure
  • Providing breathable oxygen
  • Removing carbon dioxide, humidity, odors, and contaminants from breathing oxygen
  • Cooling and recirculating oxygen through the pressure garment, and water through a Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment or Liquid Cooling Garment.
  • Two-way voice communication
  • Display or telemetry of suit health parameters
  • Telemetry of an indicator of the wearer's immediate health (e.g. heart rate)

The air handling function of a PLSS is similar to that of a diving rebreather, in that exhaled gases are recycled into the breathing gas in a closed loop.

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