Following the territorial dispute between Cambodia and Thailand in 2025, tensions escalated in several contested areas along the Cambodia–Thailand border, particularly during the Emerald Triangle clashes on May 28. After a series of diplomatic and political incidents, the crisis erupted into open armed confrontation on July 24. Thailand and Cambodia subsequently agreed to an unconditional ceasefire on July 28.
The situation intensified on July 23, when a Thai soldier was seriously injured after stepping on a PMN-2 anti-personnel landmine in Nam Yuen district of Ubon Ratchathani province. The incident triggered renewed hostilities, and the following day, direct armed clashes erupted across several sectors of the frontier. Both nations claimed to be acting in self-defence, while exchanges of artillery and small-arms fire were reported along a 40-kilometre stretch of the border. Heavy fighting displaced more than 200,000 civilians, many of whom sought refuge in temporary shelters and schools across northeastern Thailand and northern Cambodia.
