2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election in the context of Election threshold

The Party of Regions (Ukrainian: Партія регіонів, romanized: Partiia rehioniv, pronounced [ˈpɑrt⁽ʲ⁾ijɐ reɦiˈɔn⁽ʲ⁾iu̯]; Russian: Партия регионов, romanized: Partiya regionov) was a pro-Russian political party in Ukraine formed in late 1997 that used to be the largest party in Ukraine between 2006 and 2014.

Since the Revolution of Dignity, the party has not competed in elections and members have slowly dispersed; the last election in which the party participated was the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. The best-known former party members are former prime minister Mykola Azarov and former president of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych; both fled to Russia in February 2014 after Euromaidan.

Russian is the most common first language in the Donbas and Crimea regions of Ukraine and the city of Kharkiv, and the predominant language in large cities in the eastern and southern portions of the country. The usage and status of the language is the subject of political disputes. Ukrainian is the country's sole state language since the adoption of the 1996 Constitution, which prohibits an official bilingual system at state level but also guarantees the free development, use and protection of Russian and other languages of national minorities. In 2017 a new Law on Education was passed which restricted the use of Russian as a language of instruction.

Our Ukraine (Ukrainian: Наша Україна, romanized: Nasha Ukraina), formerly known as People's Union "Our Ukraine" (Ukrainian: Народний Союз «Наша Україна», romanized: Narodnyi Soiuz "Nasha Ukraina"), is a centre-right political party of Ukraine formed in 2005. The party supported former president Viktor Yushchenko. Our Ukraine has not participated in national elections since the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. And in the 2020 Ukrainian local elections the party gained no seats.

On 2 March 2013, there was an attempt to dissolve the party by Serhii Bondarchuk at one of the party congresses in Kyiv. However, the same day other sections of the party claimed this congress was illegal and the real party congress would be held on 18 May 2013. While never was officially listed under any status People's Union "Our Ukraine" was delisted as an observer in the European People's Party, according to press release of Batkivshchyna political party. Youth Union Our Ukraine is the youth wing of the party.

The All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland" (Ukrainian: Всеукраїнське об'єднання "Батьківщина", romanized: Vseukrains'ke obiednannia "Bat'kivshchyna"), referred to as Batkivshchyna (Ukrainian: [ˌbɑtʲkiu̯ˈʃtʃɪnɐ] ), is a political party in Ukraine led by People's Deputy of Ukraine, former Ukrainian Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko. As the core party of the former Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc, Batkivshchyna has been represented in the Verkhovna Rada—the parliament of Ukraine—since Yulia Tymoshenko set up the parliamentary faction of the same name in March 1999. After the November 2011 banning of the participation of blocs of political parties in parliamentary elections, Batkivshchyna became a major force in Ukrainian politics independently.

In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Batkivshchyna took part under the banner "United opposition Batkivshchyna" and other parties allied with Batkivshchyna. The list won 62 seats and 25.55 percent of the vote under the nationwide proportional party-list system (down from 30.71 percent in 2007 for the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc), and another 39 in constituencies – thus a total of 101 seats. On 15 June 2013, the parties "Front of Changes" and "Reforms and Order" merged with the Batkivshchyna by self-liquidation. By 31 December 2013, the parliamentary faction Batkivshchyna had 90 deputies.